心理干预在儿童手术中的应用研究

Exploratory development of mental intervention in children perioperative period

目的通过对手术患儿的心理干预，探索与此项新技术相适应的手术护理配合要点，总结儿童手术心理护理经验。方法将160例患儿按年龄分两组，A组：3～6岁。80人：B组：7～12岁，80人；两组再按随机的原则各自分为研究组（A1、B1），并根据不同的心理特点进行心理干预，而对照组（A2、B2）只进行常规术前准备，比较分析患儿手术前后配合程度及恐惧感、进入手术室前后血压及脉搏变化。结果两个年龄组的各亚组患儿手术前后配合程度及恐惧感、进入手术室前后血压及脉搏变化差异有统计学意义。结论充分的术前心理干预，熟练的手术护理配合有利于儿童手术和康复。

Objective To sum up the experience of nursing and psychological of children in perioperative period. Methods 160 pediatric patients were divided into two groups by age, with 80 patients in Group A aging from 3-6 and others in Group B aging from 7-12.In these two groups patients were randomly divided into study group（ Group A1 and B1 ）and control group（ Group A2 and B2 ）.All children had been given preoperative care normally. Besides, the ones in Group A1 and B1 had also been given psychological intervention according to their different psychological characteristics. Informations of the patients, including preoperative cooperation condition, postoperative fear status, B.P. and heart rate were collected when the patients were in ward and as soon as they entered the operating room. Results There were significant differences between these two groups in the parameters of preoperative cooperation condition, postoperative fear status, B.P. and heart rate. Conclusion Sufficient preoperative psychological intervention, skillful intra-operative nursing are beneficial for pediatric patients.