生态城市建设背景下湛江红树林的保护与利用

Mangrove and the construction of regional ecological security pattern in Zhanjiang

以中国最大的红树林生长基地———湛江市为例,经过实地调研和多方论证,分析了当前湛江红树林的生存现状和存在的问题。究其原因在于:对红树林在区域生态安全格局中的战略意义认识不足、当地社会经济发展带来的巨大冲击,以及红树林资源开发的滞后等。针对这些问题,首先从海陆一体化、海岸带等方面,明确了红树林湿地在维护区域生态安全格局中的战略地位。在此基础上,厘清了红树林湿地在湛江生态城市建设中的意义和作用,提出了今后湛江红树林湿地的总体建设方向:(1)以红树林湿地为核心,重构湛江市的区域生态安全格局;(2)加强湛江市红树林生态系统的重构;(3)开展沿海红树林的生态恢复;(4)推进生态旅游产业的开发。

Mangrove is a unique forestry community that exists in the coastal areas of tropics and subtropics.It plays a vital role in some aspects,such as seawater purification,marine calamity reduction,biodiversity maintenance,ecological security protection,and so on.However,due to its lower direct economic values,and its habitats with frequent human activities,mangrove wetland has become ecologically vulnerable in coastal zones.This paper,taking Zhanjiang as an example,conducted investigations and analyses,and pointed out the problems that exist in the protection of mangrove wetland.The reasons are summarized as follows：（1） We are unaware of the strategic importance of mangrove in regional ecological security pattern.（2） Mangrove suffered certain negative impacts from the development of local socio-economy.（3） The resource exploitation of mangrove has lagged behind.Aiming at solving those problems,firstly,this paper focuses on the strategic status of mangrove in two aspects： ocean-land integration,and coastal development;then proposed some suggestions to Zhanjiang：（1） to reconstruct the regional ecological security pattern with mangrove as a kernel;（2） to reconstruct the mangrove ecosystem;（3） to intensify the ecological restoration of mangrove in coastal areas;（4） to promote the development of mangrove eco-tourism.