济宁市儿童麻疹疫苗及时接种率及影响因素分析

Study on timely coverage rate of measles immunization and its relevant factors among children of Jining

目的了解济宁市儿童麻疹疫苗(measles vaccine,MV)免疫接种工作的实施情况,为制定相应的控制措施提供依据。方法采用整群抽样,收集济宁市6个小区2247名儿童的MV免疫接种相关资料。结果MV接种率为88.9%,及时接种率为78.3%,常住儿童的接种率高于流动儿童(χ2接种率=9.632,P<0.01;χ2及时接种率=22.471,P<0.01),但性别之间差异无统计学意义。经Lo-gistic多因素分析显示:父母对计划免疫相关知识的掌握情况(OR=0.973)、对儿童接种的重视程度(OR=0.186)、母亲的文化程度(OR=0.827)、父母对免疫接种门诊的满意程度(OR=0.762)是提高儿童及时接种率的主要因素;居住地的变换(OR=1.687)、儿童生病延误接种(OR=1.240)是降低儿童及时接种率的主要因素。结论本地区流动儿童MV及时接种形势严峻,相关部门应采取措施积极应对。

Objective To know the present condition of measles immunization among children of Jining. To provide scientific evidence for infectious diseases control. Methods Cluster sampling was used and 2 247 children from 6 residential districts of Jining were surveyed for their status of measles immunization and other information related to the immunization. Results The results indicated that the coverage rate of measles vaccine （MV） was 88.9 % , and the timely coverage rate was 78.3 % , which were both higher among local children than among floating children （Хcoverag rate^2= 9. 632, P 〈 0.01 ; Хtimely coverage rate^2= 22. 471, P 〈 0.01 ）, while no statistical difference was found between boys and girls. The results of multi-variate Logistic analysis suggested that the main factors that could influence the timely coverage rate of MV were parents＇ grasp of EPI knowledge （ OR =0. 973）, parents＇ attitude to EPI （ OR = 0. 186）, mother＇ s education level （ OR = 0. 827） and whether parents were satisfied with services of vaccination clinics （ OR =0. 762）. The main factors that could decrease the timely coverage rate of MV were the transfer of living area （ OR = 1. 687） and children＇ s suffering from diseases （ OR = 1. 240）. Conclusions Greater attention should be paid on measles imn＇mnization among floating children.