车身概念设计中接头部件的模拟

Joint simulation method in conception design of car body structure

针对目前在概念车身设计中比较难解决的接头模拟仿真问题,采用解耦方法来实现参数化接头的建立和详细接头单元的刚度阵的求解,计算并转化出能够更加贴近于真实情况的参数化接头。本文详细介绍的参数化接头主要是由扭簧单元和球铰单元相互作用组成,并且全面地描述了参数化接头的模拟过程。通过实验研究,计算具有接头的车身刚度和不考虑接头情况的车身刚度,并与详细车身模型的结果进行对比,发现具有接头单元的概念车身模型更加贴近于详细车身模型的扭转刚度。结果显示,考虑接头因素可以大大提高概念设计的精度,能够更加准确的预测车身的结构性能,为今后的车身设计积累经验。

The way of non-coupling was introduced to use as a method to simulate the detailed joint model in the conception design. Based on interactional effect among each branch of the detailed joint model, the non-coupling way is described as a principle to make a conceptual joint model. Considered the physi- cal property of the detailed joint model, the non-coupling way could make each branch of the joint model be independent in the angle displacement and be consistent with other in the linear displacement. So the conceptual joint is made of the torsion springs and ball link in this paper. The torsion springs control the angle displacement of the branch of the joint model and the ball link makes each branch be relative in linear displacement. The stiffness of torsion spring could be obtained by solution of stiffness equations which could be got through analyzing the detailed joint model by the FEM software. This method to simulate detailed model has been validated by experiments, and the results have been proved feasible.