低端市场破坏:关于山寨手机的案例分析

Lower Market Destroys: The Case about Shanzhai Handset

破坏性创新是创新理论的一个流派,许多创新案例都可以由破坏性创新解释。我国山寨手机的迅速崛起,引起了手机产业的重新洗牌,引起了世界的关注。研究者们从多个方面进行分析评价,褒贬不一。本文仅从技术创新的角度,运用破坏性创新理论及案例研究方法,对山寨手机的市场与技术的破坏性特征进行了分析。得出以下结论:山寨手机的出现,是对原有市场结构的一个破坏,整体产业被迫变革;技术的突破是破坏性创新发生的原因之一,山寨手机对市场的破坏源于手机芯片技术的破坏性创新;依附于某项核心技术的大规模、高回报的渐进性创新,会降低从业企业的创新能力,当山寨手机生产模式成为主流之后,普通厂商的创新能力将会下降;在Christensen的理论框架内,维持性创新和破坏性创新具有不相容特征,而山寨手机手机的案例倾向于维持性创新与破坏性创新的融合。

Destructive innovation theory is a school of innovation theory, lots of innovation case can be explained in destructive innovation system. The emergence of the Shanzhai handset in China,caused the shuffling of the mobile phone market. And paying much attention by the world. We uses case study methodology from the destructive innovation aspect, analyzed the destructive characteristic of Shanzhai handset market . We drew the following conclusions： The appearance of Shanzhai handset, is a kind of destructive innovation to mobile phone market, the whole industry be compeled to change ; The break through innovation of the technology of one of the reason of destructive innovation, the destruction of Shanzhai handset comes from the technology innovation of chip of the mobile phone; the incremental innovation with high profit on a large scale adhered to one core technology, will damaged to the innovation ability of the company, when the manufacture model of Shanzhai handset turn to the mainstream, the innovation ability of general mobile phone manufacturer will drop down; In the frame of Christensen＇s theory, the maintainable innovation is incompatible to destructive innovation,the Shanzhai handset looks like a combination of maintainable and destructive innovation.