文明冲突还是天下大同——以“西学东渐”为例辨析亨廷顿“文明冲突论”

Clash of civilizations or universal harmony:an analysis of Huntington's "clash of civilizations" with the example of Eastward Spreading of Western Culture

20世纪90年代美国学者亨廷顿提出"文明冲突论",曾一石激起千层浪,而当今全球化境遇下的文化与文明的碰撞与交流问题再次摆在世人面前,如何面对文明的冲突与融合并在相对独立的文化品格支撑下实现中华文化与文明的真正复兴,成为学界热议的话题。纵观人类发展史,历史进步的主流是文明的融合而非文明的冲突,中国近代史上的"西学东渐"进程可以看作既是对亨廷顿理论的有力反驳,也是全球化进程中我们所需借鉴的经验和所应吸取的教训。

The idea of clash of civilizations put forward by American scholar Samuel P. Huntington in the 1990s has met with heated discussions around the world. As globalization brings about growing exchanges and collisions between civilizations, how to cope with the clash and fusion of civilizations and realize the regeneration of Chinese civilization while maintaining a relatively independent cultural identity has become a hot topic. Human history shows that the main stream is the fusion rather than clash of civilizations, and the process of Eastward Spreading of Western Culture in the history of modern China can be taken as a forceful retort of Huntington＇ theory as well as our experience and lessons in the process of globalization.