基于线粒体COI基因序列的亚东鲑DNA条形码研究

Study of DNA Barcoding Based on the Mitochondrial COI Gene Sequences in Salmo trutta fraio

以亚东鲑为研究对象,测定分析了线粒体COI基因638bp碱基序列,探讨了该基因作为DNA条形码在鲑科三种鱼类(亚东鲑、大西洋鲑和红点鲑)鉴定方面的可行性和有效性。亚东鲑33个个体共享1种单倍型。利用Kimura-2模型分析得到亚东鲑与大西洋鲑遗传距离最小,为0.079;大西洋鲑与红点鲑遗传距离最大,为0.141;亚东鲑与红点鲑遗传距离为0.120。基于COI基因片段序列构建的NJ显示,亚东鲑和大西洋鲑首先聚到一起,然后再与红点鲑相聚。结果表明COI基因片段作为三种鱼类DNA条形码进行分类鉴定具有一定可行性。

The mitochondrial COI gene （638bp） in Salmo trutta fario were sequenced and analysed to explore feasibility and utility as DNA barcoding for identifying three species of Salmonid fish species, Salmo trutta fario, Salmo salar and Salvelinus malma. Thirty three individuals of Salmo trutta fario share one haplotype. The genetic distance between Salmo trutta fario and Salmo salar is 0.079, which is the smallest. Whereas, the genetic distance between Salmo salar and Salvelinus malma is 0.141, which is the largest. The genetic distance between Salmo trutta fario and Salvelinus malma is 0.120. The NJ phylogenetic tree showed that Salmo trutta fario and Salmo salar assembled at first, and then assembled with Salvelinus malma. This finding demonstrated that COI gene could be a valid DNA barcoding gene for the identification of these three species.