日据时期台湾煤矿业的发展变迁

Development And Change of Taiwan Coal Mining Industry During Japanese Colonization Period

20世纪上半叶,作为日本殖民经济体系组成部分,台湾煤矿业的发展经历了三个时期:日据初期,台湾岛内的抗日运动及日本殖民政策失当使得台湾煤矿业发展缓慢;一战前后,台湾煤矿业出现了明显的现代化特征,出口市场的扩张成为煤矿业迅速发展的主要动力,而日系资本则通过产业整合,重新掌控了岛内煤矿业发展的经营管理权。太平洋战争的爆发,因应迅速膨胀的军需工业体系的需求,台湾煤矿业强制扩大规模并被纳入统制经济体系之中。

As an integral part of the colonial economic system of Japan, Taiwan coal mining industry has witnessed three periods in the early twentieth century. Initially, in the early periods of the Japanese colonization, the Anti-Japanese movements and Japan＇s inappropriate colonial policies in Taiwan led to the slow development of the local coal mining industry. Before and after World War I, clearer signs of modernization appeared in the Taiwan coal mining industry, with the expansion of export market becoming the main driving power in promoting the rapid development of the coal mining industry. Meanwhile, through industrial integration, Japanese capital mastered the operative and administrative rights of the coal mining industry in Taiwan. With the outbreak of the Pacific War and the needs of the rapidly developing munitions industrial system, Taiwan coal mining industry was forced to expand and was then included in the controlling economic system.