2007年长春市0～6岁儿童营养状况调查

Survey on Nutritional Status in 0～6-year-old Children in Changchun in 2007

目的了解长春市0～6岁儿童营养状况。方法采取分层整群抽样的方法确定样本量,测量儿童身高、体重,用2006年WHO推荐的生长发育标准进行评价。卡方检验分析方法。结果长春市0～6岁儿童体重低下率为2.1%,发育迟缓率为5.86%,肥胖率为9.32%。不同年龄儿童的发育迟缓率、体重低下率和肥胖率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3岁组儿童发育迟缓率最高,为9.86%;4岁组儿童体重低下率最高,为5.50%;0岁组儿童肥胖率最高,为14.20%。不同性别儿童的发育迟缓率、体重低下率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男童的发育迟缓率、体重低下率高于女童;肥胖率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。城市和农村儿童的发育迟缓率、体重低下率、肥胖率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),农村儿童的发育迟缓率、体重低下率高于城市,城市儿童的肥胖率高于农村。结论长春市儿童的营养状况优于全国平均水平,营养不良处于低度水平。营养问题的重点是应遏制肥胖的进一步流行。应加强对家长进行幼儿阶段的科学喂养知识教育,培养幼儿良好的饮食习惯;不宜过早的在婴儿期添加辅食,以免婴儿超重;改善农村经济,提高农村儿童的保健水平。

Objective To investigate the nutritional status of 0～6-year-old children in Changchun.Methods Stratified cluster sampling was employed to confirm children samples.Weights and heights of 0～6-year-old children were tested,and the nutritional status was evaluated by the growth and development standard （2006） recommended by WHO.And the data were analyzed by chi-square test.Results The low body weight rate of 0～6-year-old children was 2.1%,the stunting rate was 5.86%,and the simple obesity rate was 9.32%.There were statistically significant differences in stunting rate,low body weight rate and simple obesity rate among children at different ages （P0.05）.The stunting rate of 3-year-old children was the highest （9.86%）.The low body weight rate of 4-year-old children was the highest （5.50%）.The simple obesity rate of 0-year-old children was the highest （14.20%）.There were statistically significant differences in stunting rate and low body weight rate among boys and girls （P0.05）.Boys’ stunting rate and low body weight rate were both higher than those of girls,but no statistically significant difference was found in simple obesity rate between boys and girls （P0.05）.There were statistically significant differences in stunting rate,low body weight rate and simple obesity rate between urban and rural children （P0.05）.The stunting rate and low body weight rate of rural children were higher than those of urban children,while simple obesity rate of urban children was higher than that of rural children.Conclusions The nutritional status of children in Changchun is superior to that of national average level,and malnutrition is at low level.As for the key point of nutrition,we should put more effort into preventing further prevalence of obesity.We should enhance health education about child feed knowledge in parents,develop children’s good diet habits,and improve rural economy and rural children’s health care level.Parents should not add supplementary food to the baby prematurely in order to avoid having overweight children.