克里普克的摹状词理论

Kripke's Theory of Descriptions

罗素以现代逻辑工具分析限定摹状词,提出了摹状词理论。后从斯特劳森开始,经唐纳兰和克里普克,到20世纪80年代将情境语义学思想运用于分析限定摹状词,使得该项研究不断拓展和深化。在这中间,克里普克的研究独具特色:一,他是站在"语用学转向"的制高点上研究摹状词的;二,他虽然对名称的摹状词理论进行了批判,却捍卫和发展了摹状词理论。而在这些方面,国内学界还存在忽视或混淆。

With modern logic as his tool, Russell invented Descriptions Theory. In the following eighty years, Strawson, Dormellan, and Kripke put forward their own critical viewpoints, until Situation Semantics was used to analyze definite descriptions, which deepen and broaden relevant researches greatly. Kripke＇s theory shows its originality. For one thing, Kripke view descriptions form a favorable point of pragmatic turn; secondly, although Kripke rigorously attacked the descriptive theory of names, but defended and developed RusseU＇s Descriptions Theory. In these connections, there are confusions or ignorance which need to be corrected.