浙江省农村社区居民健康状况分析

Health status of rural community residents in Zhejiang province

目的通过体检了解居民的健康状况和疾病谱，为做好社区预防保健工作提供健康信息材料和干预的依据。方法2008年至2009年对第二轮新农合31724名居民进行内、外科、心电图、胸部X线透视、尿、大便常规、肝功能和乙肝表面抗原、彩色B超检查肝、胆、肾，40岁以上的居民增加空腹血糖和血脂检查。结果疾病谱依次为血脂异常（41．0％）、超重（23．7％）、血压异常（22．9％）、胆囊疾病（16．3％）、脂肪肝（13．3％）、乙肝病毒表面抗原阳性（10．7％）、肾脏疾病（9．6％）、血糖异常（6．4％）。血压异常、超重、血脂异常女性高于男性（P〈0．05），乙肝表面抗原阳性率、肾脏疾病男性高于女性（P〈0．05）。慢性疾病发病以中、老年居多（P〈0．05），但有向低龄化发展的趋势。结论血脂异常、超重、血压异常、脂肪肝、血糖异常已经成为农村居民主要的健康问题，应积极地制定干预措施，加强健康管理，控制慢性疾病的危险因素进一步发展。

Objective To investigate the health status and disease spectrum of community residents to provide evidence for health care interventions. Methods From 2008 to 2009, physical examination, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, urine or stool test, liver functions, color B-ultrasound checks were scanned for 31 724 community residents,and fasting blood glucose or lipids was tested for the individuals over 40-yearold. Results Dyslipidemia, overweight, abnormal blood pressure, gallbladder disease, fatty liver, positive hepatitis B surface antigen, kidney disease, and blood glucose abnormality were found in 41.0% ,23.7% , 22. 9% ,16. 3% , 13.3% , 10. 7% ,9. 6% , and 6. 4% , respectively. Blood pressure anomaly, overweight and dyslipidemia were more commonly seen in （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , however, positive hepatitis B surface antigen and kidney disease were more commonly seen in men （P 〈 0. 05）. Most chronic diseases happened in the middleaged and the elderly population （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Dyslipidemia, overweight, abnormal blood pressure ,fatty liver,blood glood abnormality have become important health problems of rural residents, and health interventions should be actively taken.