围绝经期女性抑郁障碍及相关因素研究

Depressive disorder and related factors in perimenopausal women.

目的探讨围绝经期女性抑郁障碍现状及相关因素。方法使用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、WHO生活质量测定简表(WHO-QOL-BREF)对320例40～59岁围绝经期女性进行测试。同时以30～39岁育龄女性和40～59岁非围绝经期女性为对照。结果 23.8%的围绝经期女性有抑郁障碍,抑郁障碍检出率较育龄女性(12.0%)及相同年龄段月经规律的非围绝经期女性(16.2%)高(χ2=10.233,P<0.01),并且抑郁症状重(F=16.284,P<0.01)。围绝经期女性的睡眠质量、生活质量各领域及健康状况均与其抑郁显著相关(P<0.01)。结论围绝经期女性较普通中年女性抑郁障碍的检出率高,抑郁症状重。睡眠质量、生活质量及健康状况是围绝经期女性抑郁障碍的主要影响因素。

Objective To determine the status of depressive disorder in perimenopausal women and its relative factors. Methods A total of 320 perimenopausal women were assessed with Self- Rating Depression Scale（SDS） , Self- Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI） and the WHO Quality of Life Brief Questionnaire （WHO -QOL- BREF）. Women aged 30 to 39 years and 40 to 59 years with regular menses were also assessed and categorized into two control groups. Results The prevalence of depressive disorder was 23.8% in perimenopausal women. It was significantly higher than that of the reproductive stage women （12.0%）, and the non -perimenopausal women aged 40 to 59 years with regular menses （ 16.2% ） （X^2 = 10. 233, P 〈 0.01 ）. The depressive symptoms in perimenopausal women were also significantly severer than that of two control groups （ F = 16. 284, P 〈 0.01 ）. Depression in perimenopausal women had significantly correlation with sleep quality, quality of life and health status（ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The prevalence of depressive disorder in perimenopausal women would be higher than ordinary middle - aged women and depressive symptoms would be also severer. The main factors influencing depression in perimenopausal women are sleep quality, quality of life and health status.