唐家山堰塞湖水情自动测报系统设计与实施

Design and Realization of the Hydrological Forecast System for Tangjiashan Barrier Lake

汶川大地震形成了大量堰塞湖,其中以唐家山堰塞湖危害最大,其水位不断上涨,严重威胁下游100多万群众的生命财产安全。针对唐家山堰塞湖现场的复杂状况,提出了应急水情自动测报系统设计与施工方案。采用非接触式超声波测深仪与投入式压阻水计相结合的水位测量方式,解决了现场水位快速上涨及大量漂浮物流动对测量造成的干扰;通过微功耗数据采集设备控制北斗通信终端,定时采集水位数据并向权威部门发送,对唐家山堰塞湖排险决策发挥了作用。

The Tangjiashan Barrier Lake is one of the most dangerous barrier lakes caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake. Accompanied by the continuous rise of water stage, it will seriously threaten the safety of more than 1 million people downstream the lake. In consideration of the complex situation of the Tangjiashan Barrier Lake, an automatic hydrologic emergency measurement system, which makes use of a data recorder with low power consumption to automatically monitor the water stage and transmit the data through the COMPASS satellite to the authority department, is built to support decisionmaking and disaster relief. In order to eliminate the disturbance caused by the rapidly moving floaters, an ultrasonic sounder and submersible pressure transducer are adopted to measure the water stage. The design and application of this system are introduced in detail and its function is proved.