两种异质的批判逻辑:马克思文化批判思想的演进

Two Different Critic Logics——The Evolution of Cultural Critic Thought of Marx

人文关怀始终是马克思哲学的宗旨。但国内外肯定马克思文化批判逻辑存在的学者总是囿于青年马克思的视角,这种理解看似肯定了马克思,实质误解了其文化批判逻辑的根本性质。我们认为,马克思的文本中存在前后两种异质的文化批判逻辑:一是青年马克思的人本主义性质的,是不成熟的;一是1845年哲学变革之后逐渐形成的历史唯物主义的文化批判。本文从文本出发梳理出属于马克思本真的文化批判线索,并在与西方马克思主义的比较中透视两种文化批判的方法论特质与效应,以期对马克思哲学的文化维度做出厘清。

Human Dimension has always been the object of the Marxist philosophy. Scholars who acknowledge the existence of Marxist cultural criticism logic, limited by the perspective of a young Marx, actually misinterpret the logic while appearing to recognize Marxism as positive thought. We maintain that two entirely different cultural criticism logics appeared in Marxist texts in different periods of time： One, immature though, in nature was the humanism of a young Marx ; the other was the cultural criticism of historical materialism that appeared after 1845, when Marxist Philosophy change took place. This paper presents a text that sort out Marx＇s true cultural criticism. We, in comparison with the Western Marxism, figure out two types of cultural criticism with methodological characteristic and effect in order to clarify the cultural dimensions of Marx＇s philosophy.