国产兜兰属植物的引种和栽培

Study on Introduction and Cultivation of Paphiopedilum Distributed in China

兜兰由于独特的花朵造型、绚丽的花朵色彩、持久的观赏花期而具有极高的观赏价值，是国际上栽培最广泛的兰花之一。由于生态环境的破坏以及人们对其过度地采挖，兜兰现已成为世界上最濒危的植物物种之一，许多种类已濒临灭绝，所有兜兰野生种均被列入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》（CITES）附录I而被禁止交易。进行兜兰的迁地保护是兜兰种质资源保护最有效的措施之一。作者于2003—2008年对原产于中国的兜兰属植物进行了系统的引种，已收集到了原产于中国的所有兜兰种类，并种植于中国科学院华南植物园具有加温和水帘降温设施的科研温室中，所有种类均已成活并开花，但不同种类的生长状态和开花率袁现出较大的差异。对兜兰属植物的引种方法和栽培技术也进行了探讨。

Paphiopedilum have captured the interest of many orchid growers and are one of the most popular and rare orchid genera being sold and exhibited today. Their unique shape, the variety of colors and long ornamental time of flower make them distinctive to the orchid family. All species of Paphiopedilum are now listed on CITES Appendix I and the trade is restricted. Introduction is one of the effective method of Paphiopedilum germplasm conservation. In this paper, the result was reported that the introduction and growth status of Paphiopedilum distributed in China from 2003 to 2008. All species of Paphiopedilum dis- tributed in China were collected and planted in greenhouse for science research in South China Botanical Garden. All of those species were survived and flowering during planting, but there were obvious difference in livability, flowering percent and growth status. The introduction method and planting technique of Paphiopedilum was also discussed in the paper.