国外医疗保障制度的改革发展及其启示

Development of Reform in Overseas Medical Quarantee System and Its Enlightenment

我国新医改方案已经确定了全民享有基本医疗保健的目标以及具体时间进度安排表,但在具体实践上已经遇到并将继续遇到种种阻碍,如何跨过这些障碍是新医改能否最终成功的关键。国外尤其是发达国家在医疗制度特别是社会弱势群体医疗保障及医疗服务质量监管上的一些重要经验更是中国解决医改问题的借鉴对象,如医保中泰国的"30铢计划"、巴西的"家庭健康计划";医疗服务质量管理中发达国家构建独立专业的管理人才、主动的错误报告机制、以患者为主体的医疗质量评价指标等。新医改我们一方面要使医疗服务对于民众而言是可得的,另一方面要保证其获得的是高质量的服务,这就需要我们更加注意制度建设与实施中的权威化、透明化、灵活化等。

China's new health reform package has set out the goal of providing medical care for all the citizens.However,various difficulties and obstacles have come out or will emerge in the implementation of this reform,so how to tackle these problems will be critical in the success of the new health reform.There are a great number of valuable experience from foreign countries,especially developed nations in providing medical care for those disadvantaged groups and medical service quality supervision;and in the medical service quality management aspect,there are professional quality management personal,voluntary error reporting system and patient-centered quality evaluation indicator in developed countries,all of which can be learned by China to solve the upcoming problems.In the new round of health reform,we have to construct and implement a more authoritative,transparent and flexible system.