黄浦江突发水污染事件应急措施数值计算分析

Numerical simulation and analysis of emergency measures for water pollution accident in Huangpujiang River

以2003年发生在黄浦江下游吴泾码头处的一次重大燃油泄漏事故为例,建立了黄浦江二维水污染模型。综合考虑事故发生后人工清污、调水稀释以及潮汐对黄浦江中污染物扩散的影响,模拟分析实际和3种典型调水应急措施的效果。模拟结果表明:对于发生在水源地下游的突发性污染事件,增大上游太浦闸泄流量能够有效地对污染物进行稀释;同时,上游泄流量的增大能够提高上游水位,有效压制随潮水上涨而向上游流动的污染物。由此可得出结论:污染发生后,加大上游泄流量是确保上游敏感水域免受下游污染影响的有效措施之一。

A two - dimensional hydrodynamic and pollution transport model has been established and calibrated based on the event of fuel release accident happened at Wujing Wharf in the downstream of the Huangpujiang River in 2003. Considering the influence of manual cleaning work, dilutiun and advection - diffusion caused by the discharge flow from Taipu Gate and tidal flow, we simulate and analyze the effect of the real emergency measure for fuel release accident and three typical discharging flow measures. The numerical simulation results show that the increasing flow discharge from the upstream Taipu Gate can effectiveh dilute the pollution when the sudden water pollution accident happens in the downstream of water sources site. On the other hand, increasing flow discharge can increase the water level of the river, so as to effectively suppress the movement of pollutants toward the upstream with the tidal flow. Finally, it can he concluded that the increasing of the upstream flow discharge is an effective method to ensure the safety of sensitive waters in the upstream against the downstream pollution in tidal period.