山东抗日根据地对冬学运动的改造与创新——以“庄户学”为例

The Reform and Innovation of the Winter Study Movement in Shandong Anti-Japanese Base Areas——On the Farm-Learning Model

抗日战争时期,为了提高广大民众的文化素质,普及抗战教育,中国共产党在其领导的各个抗日根据地广泛开展了冬学运动。其中"庄户学"就是山东抗日根据地为适应抗战需要和群众生产生活需要创造的一种新型教学模式,具有鲜明的地方特色。在当年烽火岁月中,它曾经是山东抗战教育的一面旗帜,在提高根据地人民的素质,宣传抗战等方面做出了不可磨灭的贡献,其丰富多彩的教学内容、灵活多变的组织形式、别具特色的教学方法,对于今天的教育改革特别是农村教育改革仍有重要的借鉴意义。

During the period of Anti - Japanese War, Chinese Communist Party campaigned the winter study movement extensively in Anti -Japanese base areas to improve the people＇ s literary quality and popularize the education of war against Japan. Farm - learning with its distinctive local characteristics was created according to the needs of Anti - Japanese War and of the development of＂ people＇ s life and production. During the war period, farm - learning became a banner of Shandong anti - Japanese education, made enormous contribution to improving the quality of people＇ s literacy and publicized the Anti - Japanese War. Such a teaching model with its rich and colorful teaching contents, flexible organizational form and unique teaching method has referential significance for the reform of today＇ s education especially for the rural areas＇ education.