泄洪洞模型进口立轴漩涡试验研究

Experimental research on vertical vortex in spillway tunnel intake

泄洪洞的泄洪安全一直是水利工作者的重要研究课题,其中关于立轴漩涡的研究也是一个重点。本文在大型水电站整体模型上,对泄洪洞进口立轴漩涡的进行了试验观测。本文试验中,在不同的泄洪洞进口淹没水深的情况下,对立轴漩涡的产生发展过程进行了细致观测,研究了立轴漩涡形态在不同阶段的变化过程。同时,为了研究立轴漩涡强度的变化,本文利用PTV流场实时测量系统对泄洪洞进口处的漩涡表面流场进行了试验观测,对漩涡的大小及强度变化进行了深入研究。试验结果显示,淹没水深超过临界值以后,立轴漩涡的强度随淹没水深表现出逐渐增大的规律。

For a long time the safety of spillway tunnel for flood discharge has been an important research topic and the vertical intake vortex is often a crucial safety factor. This paper presents the experimental results of vertical vortices on a lumped scale model of a large-size hydropower station,and an analysis of the vortex behaviors such as the formation of a vertical vortex under different submergence and the development of its shape at various stages. To determine the time variation of the vortex size and intensity,we adopted PIV technique to measure the flow field in the top layer. Results show that in the case of water depth greater than the critical value the vortex intensity increases with submergence.