云南省松墨天牛地理分布及危害程度调查

Geographical Distribution and Damage Degree of Monochamus alternatus in Yunnan Province

松墨天牛是松材线虫的主要传播媒介昆虫，为了预防松材线虫病，采用路线调查法、查迹调查法和样地调查法调查云南省松墨天牛的地理分布与危害程度。在云南省129个县市区中，尚未发现松墨天牛的县市区13个，占10．1％；有松墨天牛分布的县市区116个，占89．9％。其中轻度危害的县市区85个（65．9％），中度危害的县市区16个（12．4％），重度危害的县市区15个（11．6％）；松墨天牛的垂直分布范围为649～3255m，海拔高差2606m；危害的寄主树种有云南松、思茅松、高山松、马尾松和华山松。

The long-horn beetle Monochamus alternatus is the main vector insect of the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. In order to prevent the pine wilt disease, the geographical distribution and damage extent of Monochamus alternatus in Yunnan Province were surveyed through methods of route survey, trace identification and sample plot investigation. The results showed that among the 129 counties in Yunnan Province, M. alternatus has been found in 116 counties （accounts for 89.9% of the total counties） and has not yet been found in 13 counties （accounts for 10. 1% ）. The beetle has caused slight damage in 85 counties （accounts for 65.9% of the total counties）, medium damage in 16 counties （ 12.4% ）, and severe damage in 15 counties （ 11.6% ）. The study showed that the vertical distribution of M. alternatus ranged between 649 m and 3 255 m, and the altitude difference was 2 606 m. The host tree species of M. alternatus are Pinus yunnanensis, P. kesiya var. langbianensis, P. densata, P. massoniana, and P. armandi.