国外被动陆缘深水油气勘探进展及启示

Advances of Deepwater Hydrocarbon Explorations in Global Passive Continental Margin and Their Implication

全球被动陆缘深水区具有优越的石油地质条件,蕴藏着巨大的油气资源。目前,全球约有60多个国家在深水区开展油气勘探,已探明石油可采储量约300×108t。巴西近海、美国墨西哥湾、西非近海、亚太地区大陆边缘等4大被动陆缘富油气深水区正逐渐成为全球油气勘探的新热点,也是近几年大型油气田发现的重要领域。2000—2007年全球被动陆缘深水区(>300 m)共发现33个大型油气田,占全球同期发现的大型油气田的42%。在分析近年墨西哥湾深水区、巴西大坎普斯盆地、西非近海和澳大利亚西北大陆架的油气重大发现和探讨其含油气系统特征的基础上,对比了国内外被动陆缘深水油气地质特征,并讨论分析了国外被动陆缘深水勘探领域的大型油气田发现对我国南海油气勘探的启示意义及下一步勘探对策。未来几年,我国应将南海深水区油气勘探开发上升到国家战略的高度,加强勘探投入,开展重、磁、电、震联合采集与处理技术研究,建立适应南海地区特点的深水大型油气盆地勘查及综合评价技术系统,为深水油气勘探开发的全面展开提供技术支撑,并进一步加强深水区勘探目标评价与优选研究。

Deepwater zones in global passive continental margin have good conditions of petroleum geology, and huge petroleum resources. At present, about more than 60 countries have explored oil and gas in the deep water and proved recoverable petroleum reserves of about 300×10^8 t. The four biggest global passive continental margin deepwater zones as rich petroleum accumulation are becoming hot exploration area, such as Brazil offshore, America Mexico gulf, west Africa offshore, and Asia-Pacific area, and are the important domains of recent discovery of large oil-gas fields. 33 giant oil and gas fields were discovered in the passive continental margin deepwater zones in years of 2000--2007, accounting for 42 % of the global total discoveries. Based on discovery of oil and gas fields in deepwater zones and their features of petroleum system, petroleum geology was discussed in combination with Chinese passive continental margin deepwater zones. Then we discuss their discoveries for the implication of petroleum exploration in South China Sea and next exploration plan. In feature years, petroleum exploration in deepwater of South China Sea should be paid attention as national strategy, and research of exploration target evaluation and optimal selection in deepwater zones be strengthened.