中国食品制造业国际竞争力差异的实证研究——基于国家、区域和民族三维视角

An Empirical Study on Differences of Foods Manufacturing Industry's International Competitiveness in China——Based on the Three-dimensional View of Nation,Region and Nationality

利用显示性对称比较优势指数和国内市场占有率,从国家、区域和民族三个角度对2002—2008年中国食品制造业国际竞争力及其变化进行了实证分析,分析表明:中国食品制造业整体国际竞争力和民族食品制造业国际竞争力均不强且呈现明显的下降趋势,食品制造业整体国际竞争力强于民族食品制造业国际竞争力;各地区食品制造业整体国际竞争力普遍高于民族食品制造业国际竞争力且存在巨大的差异,中西部地区明显强于东部地区且呈上升趋势;外资的进入是食品制造业整体国际竞争力和民族食品制造业国际竞争力下降的一个重要原因。

By utilizing evaluation indicators such as Revealed Symmetrical Comparative Advantage and Home Market Share of National Industry,this paper makes an empirical study on foods manufacturing industry＇s international competitiveness and its changes from 2002 to 2008 in China based on three perspectives of nation,region and nationality.The results are as follows：firstly,the international competitiveness of China＇s national food industry is weak and reveals a clear downward trend as well as that of overall food industry and the latter is stronger than the former;Secondly,the overall international competitiveness of foods manufacturing industry of each region is stronger than that of national food manufacturing industry and there is a huge difference among them.The international competitiveness of foods manufacturing industry in China＇s central and western regions is much stronger than that of the eastern region;lastly,foreign investment into China is an important reason for the decline of overall food manufacturing industry＇s international competitiveness as well as that of national food manufacturing industry.With response to such reality,central government and each regional government should adjust the development thinking and development model of foods manufacturing industry.