郓城县全面实施儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种的效果分析

Analysis of the Immunization Effect of Full Implementation of Hepatitis B Vaccination in Children in Yuncheng County

[目的]评价郓城县全面实施儿童乙型肝炎免疫接种的效果。[方法]2007年10～12月,在郓城县县城内抽取幼儿园、小学、初中各2所,对部分2～14岁儿童进行调查。[结果]调查3819人,完成全程以上接种(包括全程接种后进行1～2次加强免疫)乙肝疫苗的占91.10%,单纯HBsAg阳性检出率为0.84%,乙肝患病率为0.47%。全程以上接种率有随着年龄的增长而降低的趋势(P<0.01);单纯HBsAg阳性率,2～10岁、11～12岁、13～14岁分别为0.41%、1.43%、6.00%(P<0.01);乙肝患病率2～10岁为0.10%,11～14岁为1.64%(P<0.01)。全面实施乙肝免疫后与实施前出生的,完成全程以上乙肝疫苗接种者所占比例分别为91.49%、62.00%(P<0.01),单项HBsAg阳性的分别占0.63%、6.00%(P<0.01),乙肝患病率分别为0.35%、3.33%(直接概率P=1.00)。[结论]全面实施乙肝疫苗接种可以降低儿童乙肝病毒感染率与乙肝发病率。

[Objective]To evaluate the immunization effect of full implementation of hepatitis B vaccination in children in Yuncheng county.[Methods]Two kindergartens,primary and junior high schools were selected respectively from October to December in 2007,children aged from 2-14 were investigated.[Results]Of the 3 819 children investigated,91.10% of the children were fully inoculated with hepatitis B vaccine（including 1-2 booster doses after full immunization）.The detection rate of single HBsAg positive rate was 0.84%.The morbidity rate of hepatitis B was 0.47%.The coverage of full immunization decreased along with the increase of the age（P〈0.01）.Single HBsAg positive rate was 0.41%,1.43% and 6.00% in children aged from 2-10,11-12 and 13-14 （P〈0.01）.The morbidity rate of hepatitis B was 0.10% and 1.64% in children aged from 2-10 and 11-14 （P〈0.01）.The coverage of hepatitis B vaccine was 91.49% and 62.00% in the children born after full implementation of hepatitis B immunization and born before that.Single HBsAg positive rate accounted for 0.63% and 6.00% （P〈0.01） and the morbidity rate of hepatitis B was 0.35% and 3.33% （direct probability P=1.00）.[Conclusion]The infection and morbidity rate of hepatitis B decreased after full implementation of hepatitis B immunization in children.