2004～2008年保山市流动儿童脊髓灰质炎疫苗强化免疫接种资料分析

Analysis of Supplementary Immunization of Poliomyelitis Vaccine for Mobile Resident Children in Baoshan City from 2004 to 2008

[目的]了解保山市流动儿童脊髓灰质炎疫苗(OPV)强化免疫活动中的免疫状况及其影响因素,以便为进一步加强流动儿童管理,调整相应的免疫策略提供依据。[方法]对保山市所辖5个县区2004～2008年OPV强化免疫活动中流动儿童的监护人进行调查,在保山市隆阳区和腾冲县于规定服苗时间结束后1周内,在流动人口较多的车站、农贸市场、街道和集镇进行接种率快速评估。[结果]2004～2008年的7轮OPV强化免疫活动中,合计调查0～4岁流动儿童22111人次,其中,持有儿童免疫接种证的占41.04%,OPV"零"剂次的占7.48%,由家长主动携带到固定接种点服苗的占4.14%;在调查地居住不足90d的占16.89%,居住时间≥90d的占83.11%,38.47%的人已在调查地公安机关登记。强化免疫快速评估合计抽查0～4岁儿童630人次,平均服苗率为91.75%,其中,流动儿童为68.97%,常住儿童为94.06%(P<0.01)。[结论]保山市流动儿童OPV强化免疫接种率不高,儿童到公安机关登记者所占比例偏低是其主要原因。

[Objective]To understand the status of immunization and influencing factor of Supplementary immunization of oral poliomyelitis vaccine（OPV） in mobile resident children,to further enhance the management for mobile resident children,to provide scientific references for adjustment of immunization strategy.[Methods]Mobile resident children＇s Guardian were investigated during supplementary immunization of oral poliomyelitis vaccine（OPV） in each county of Baoshan city from 2004-2008.The coverage was evaluated within a week after finishing immunization in station where there are many mobile population,free markets,streets and town of Tengchong county and Longyang county of Baoshan city.[Results]During seven rounds of supplementary immunization of OPV from 2004 to 2008,there were 22 111 person times of 0 to 4 year old mobile resident children were investigated,of which Child immunization certificate holders accounted for 41.04%,OPV ＂zero＂ doses accounted for 7.48%,the proportion of parents carried actively their children to fixed location to take OPV was just 4.14%,living in the investigation location of less than 90 days accounted for 16.89%,living longer than 90 days accounted for 83.11%,38.47% of people had been registered in the investigation of the public security organs.Supplementary immunization and rapid assessment total sampled 630 mobile resident children of 0 to 4 year old.The average coverage was 91.75%,in which mobile children was 68.97%,resident children was 94.06%（P0.01）.[Conclusion]Supplementary immunization vaccination rate was not high in mobile resident children of Baoshan city,he main cause was the low proportion of children registered to the public security organs.