全要素能源效率与环境污染关系研究

Relations Between Total Factor Energy Efficiency and Environmental Pollution

能源与环境问题已成为世界焦点,回顾文献发现,已有研究大多单独从能源或环境问题进行分析,对能源与环境特别是能源效率与环境污染之间关系的研究较少。能源效率与环境污染之间存在着密切的联系,对两者关系进行更为深入、全面的研究显得十分必要。本文首先利用DEA方法和环境污染治理成本法分别测算了我国1989-2007年的全要素能源效率和环境污染经济损失;在初步评判两者关系的基础上,进一步通过协整和ECM模型得到本文的结论:我国的全要素能源效率与环境污染经济损失之间存在长期均衡关系,前者是后者的Granger原因;同时,全要素能源效率的短期波动对于降低环境污染经济损失具有明显的作用,这种作用大于长期波动的影响。这意味着全要素能源效率的提高对减少环境污染具有重要作用,节能减排目标的实现离不开能源效率的作用。

Energy and environmental issues have become the focus of the world. By literature review, we found that most of previous studies just analyzed one of the environmental issues separately, but a few studies were on the relations between energy and environment （especially energy efficiency and environmental pollution）.There is a close link between the energy efficiency and environmental pollution, so a indepth and comprehensive study of the relations is necessary. Firstly, we use the methods of DEA and the cost of pollution clearance to calculate Chinese total factor energy efficiency and economic loss caused by environment pollution in 1989-2007. On the basis of the evaluation of relations between the two, by using the cointegration test and Granger causality test, we draw the conclusions of this article： A longterm equilibrium relationship exists between Chinese total factor energy efficiency and economic loss caused by environmental pollution, and the former is the latter’s Granger cause.And we find that the shortterm energy efficiency fluctuation has an obvious impact to reducing economic loss caused by environmental pollution and the impact is bigger than longterm energy efficiency fluctuation caused by environmental pollution economic loss. This means that the improvement of total factor energy efficiency plays an important role in reducing environmental pollution, which is also important to the goals of energysaving and emission reduction.