苦瓜醇提取物亚急性经口毒性研究

Effect of ethanol extracts from Momordica Charantia on blood glucose reduction in animals

目的评价苦瓜醇提取物的经口亚急性毒性。方法将苦瓜醇提取物按1.25、2.50和5.00g/kg·bw剂量给大鼠连续灌胃30d,测定体重、进食量,计算食物利用率,实验末采血测定血象和血生化指标。结果苦瓜醇提取物各剂量对大鼠体重增长、总进食量及食物利用率无显著影响(P>0.05)。与相应对照组比较,雄鼠1.25、2.50g/kg·bw剂量组血肌酐显著降低,雌鼠三个剂量组总蛋白均较对照组降低,其中2.50、5.00g/kg·bw剂量组总蛋白降低有显著性。各剂量对其他血液学、血生化指标、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏和雄鼠睾丸、雌鼠卵巢的脏体比值无显著影响。大体解剖和组织病理检查未见与样品有关的异常改变。结论苦瓜醇提取物给大鼠喂养30d,2.50g/kg·bw以上剂量可引起雌性大鼠总蛋白降低,高达5.00g/kg·bw的剂量未产生其它可观察到的毒副作用。

Aim To investigate the effect of ethanol extracts from Momordica charantia on blood glucose reduction in animal. Methods NIDDM model was established by feeding mice with high-fat diet for one month. The mice with blood glucose above 8mmollL were selected and assigned to control group and two dose groups,which were given ethanol extracts from Momordica charantia at 0.125g/kg·bw,0.500g/kg ·bw dose. 30 days later,the levels of fasting blood glucose,glucose tolerance,biochemical indices and serum malondialdehyde （MDA）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） were determined. Normal mice were givn ethanol extracts from Momordica charantia at 0.500g/kg·bw and the effect on level of blood glucose was observed. ：Results Compared with hyperglycemic mice in control group,ethanol extracts from Momordica charantia at 0.500g/kg ·bw dose could significantly reduce fasting level of blood glucose,raise blood glucose reduction percentage （P〈 0.05） and improve the glucose tolerance of hyperglycemic mice. Ethanol extracts from Momordica charantia at both doses could significantly reduce serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase level,at 0.125g/kg·bw dose reduce serum albumin,urea nitrogen level （P〈0.01）. It did not show significant effect on serum MDA, SOD or other biochemical indices of hyperglycemic mice,nor did it on blood glucose in normal mice. Conclusions Ethanol extracts from Momordica charantia could reduce level of blood glucose and improve the glucose tolerance in NIDDM mice,but might reduce level of serum albumin,which should be closely monitored when used clinically.