正交实验优化超临界流体CO_2反胶团-络合萃取痕量重金属

Orthogonal Optimization of Supercritical Fluid CO_2 Extraction of Trace Heavy Metals with Reverse Micelles and Complex Reaction

利用超临界流体CO2反胶团-络合萃取食品中痕量重金属铅、汞和砷,通过正交实验考察了萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间和反胶团AOT浓度对痕量重金属萃取率的影响。确定最佳萃取工艺为:萃取压力20 MPa、萃取温度45℃、萃取时间90 min、反胶团AOT浓度0.1 mol.L-1,此时,重金属铅、汞、砷的萃取率分别为93.50%、95.36%、90.47%。表明超临界流体CO2络合萃取时加入反胶团能明显提高痕量重金属的脱除率,萃取效果优于超临界流体CO2反胶团萃取和超临界流体CO2络合萃取。

Reverse micelles and complex reaction was applied to supercritical fluid COz extraction process of trace heavy metals, such as lead, mercury, arsenic. The process parameters were optimized to improve the extraction rate of trace heavy metals, including extraction pressure, extraction temperature, extraction time and the concentration of reverse micelles AOT. The results of orthogonal experiment showed that the optimum extraction process was 20 MPa, 45℃, 90 min and the addition of 0.01 mol·L^-1 AOT, and the extraction rates of heavy metal lead （Pb）, mercury （Hg） and arsenic （As） reached 93.50%, 95.36% and 90.47%, respectively. The results proved that the addition of reverse rnicelles could increase the removal rates of trace heavy metals, and the extraction efficiency was better than that of supercritical fluid CO2 extraction with reverse micelles method or supercritical fluid COz extraction with complex reaction method.