几种植物精油对桔小实蝇的产卵忌避作用

Oviposition Deterrent Effects of Several Plant Essential Oils on Bactrocera dorsalis(Diptera:Tephritidae)

比较了6种植物精油对桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis的产卵忌避效果.结果表明:辣椒油、樟脑油、冬青油和香茅油的产卵忌避效果明显,其中香茅油的产卵忌避作用最强,而肉桂油和香紫苏油的效果较弱.不同质量浓度的植物精油处理间的产卵忌避效果存在显著差异.香茅油和冬青油的产卵忌避作用随质量浓度的升高而增强,当质量浓度为7 000μg/mL时,忌避率最高;辣椒油和樟脑油则是5 000μg/mL的质量浓度产卵忌避效果最好.4种植物精油产卵忌避作用的持效期存在差异,与对照相比,辣椒油持效期最长,可维持6 d;香茅油持效期最短,仅1 d;冬青油和樟脑油可维持4 d.大空间下的试验表明,辣椒油、樟脑油和冬青油处理过的杨桃上的着卵量均显著低于对照,但3种精油之间无显著差异.

The oviposition deterrent effects of six kinds of plant essential oils on Bactrocera dorsalis were evaluated. The results showed that oviposition deterrent rates of Mangi feraindica and Psidium guajava which dipped in the oil of Cymbopogon nardus, Cinnamomum camphora, llex yuiana, Capsicum annuum were all above 50% and their puncture numbers were significantly lower than the control and the other oils included Salvia sclarea and Cinnamomum cassia. The oviposition deterrents were more efficiency for C. nardus and I. yuiana as the concentration increased. It was confirmed that 7 000 μg/mL was the best concentration used as oviposition deterrents, while the best concentration for C. annuum and C. caraphora oils were 5 000 μg/mL. The persistent period of C. annuurn oil lasting 6 days was the longest, while the persistent period of C. camphora and I. yuiana oils lasted 4 days and only 1 day for C. nardus oil. The number of eggs that oriental fruit fly laid on Averrhoa carambola dipped in the oils of C. annuum, C. camphora and I. yuiana were significantly lower than the control in the large space.