人工种植盐地碱蓬改良吹填土的试验研究

Effect of planting Suaeda salsa on improvement of dredger filled soil

为解决吹填土基本理化性质差的问题，研究以盐地碱蓬Suaedasalsa为材料，研究了它对吹填土理化性质的改良效果。试验分4个小区，完全随机区组排列，1年后分0～5、5～20和20～40cm三层采样测定土壤的基本理化性质。以盐地碱蓬周围裸地土壤为对照。结果表明，种植盐地碱蓬能显著增加各层土壤的总孔隙度，显著减少各层土壤容重及提高土壤的含水量，且土壤表层的含水量增加的最为明显；显著降低各层土壤盐分，盐地碱蓬种植地从表层、中层到深层脱盐率依次为50．54％、43．74％和27．23％，而对照地各层盐分反而增加；土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾分别增加了17．55％、5．03％、20．54％和1．49％；显著增加各层土壤细菌和放线茼的数量，而真菌的数量只中层和深层才显著增加。

Suaeda salsa was planted to improve the physical and chemical properties of dredger filled soil with 4 plots, the soil samples were collected one year later in layers of 0 to 5cm, 5 to 20 cm and 20 to 40 cm for measuring the physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the treatment could obviously increase the total porosity, reduce the bulk density and increase soil moisture content, while the soil surface water content was obviously increased. The desalination rate of treated soil in surface layer, intermediate layer and deep layer was 50. 54%, 43. 74% and 27.23% respectively. However, the salinity of the control increased in each layer. Soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium in treatment group were increased by 17.55 %, 5.03%, 20.54% and 1.49% respectively; and the number of bacteria and actinomycete in each layer was significantly increased and the number of fungi was increased only in the intermediate and deep layers.