关节软骨撞击伤后软骨退变过程中组织学病理改变的观察

Study of histological pathological changes after impacting injury of articular cartilage

[目的]研究关节软骨撞击伤后软骨退变过程中组织学的病理改变。[方法]56只健康成年新西兰大白兔,随机分高、低能量两组,每组28只,随机选取一侧后肢为实验组,另一侧为对照组;不同重量的击锤撞击股骨内侧髁软骨面致不同的损伤。术后4 d,1、2、4、8、16、32周收集标本,每个时间组4只兔子,通过大体观察、HE染色、番红O染色结合图像分析测定软骨基质目标灰度值。[结果]低能量组标本的M ank in法评分、基质目标灰度值伤后早期与对照组差异有统计学意义;4周后恢复到对照组水平。高能量组M ank in法评分、基质目标灰度值始终较高,且逐步上升,与对照组差异有统计学意义。[结论]低能量撞击伤后,软骨具有有限的自行修复能力;高能量撞击伤后,胶原纤维网架变形和断裂的关节软骨损伤后不能自行修复,伤后4周退变已较明显,且伤后时间越长,软骨退变越明显。

[Objective]To investigate the pathological change of articular cartilage after impacting injury.[Method]Fifty-six New Zealand adult rabbits were divided randomly into low-energy and high-energy groups,with 28 rabbits in each group.One side of hind limb was designed as experimental side and the opposite one as control side.Four rabbits were killed at 4 days,1,2,4,8,16 weeks after impacting injury.Histological sections of the specimens were observed and stained by HE and Safranin O.the values of gray scale were obtained by imaging analysis.[Result]In low-energy group,the Mankin＇s score and the value of gray scale of Safranin O in experiment side was not significantly different from the control side.In high-energy group,the Mankin＇s score and the value of gray scale of Safranin O in experiment side increased gradually,and was significantly different from the control side.[Conclusion]In the low-energy group,the cartilage returned to the normal level at 4 weeks.In the high-energy group,the cartilage failed to be restored.The degeneration of articular cartilage was very obvious after 4 weeks.