广东省残疾人社会参与状况与康复需求的关系

Social participation and needs for rehabilitation services of the disabled in Guangdong Province

目的对广东省各类残疾人的社会参与状况与康复需求的调查数据进行分析，探讨各类残疾人不同程度社会参与状况与康复需求的关系，并提出相应的康复对策。方法采用广东省第2次全国残疾人抽样调查中残疾人丰十会参与评定的分项目，以及个人主要需求的调查数据进行等级资料比较的统计处理。结果听力、视力、肢体、智力残疾人不同社会参与状况在本人主要需求上的构成比差异有统计学意义，而言语、精神残疾人不同社会参与状况在本人主要需求的构成比差异无统计学意义。各类残疾人不同社会参与状况相对应的康复需求以医疗服务及救助、辅助器具配送和康复功能训练及服务为主。结论各类残疾人不同社会参与状况与康复需求的差异不尽相同，主要集中存医疗服务及救助、辅助器具配送和康复功能训练及服务等基本医疗和社会的需求方面，可为采取相应的康复对策提供依据。

Objective To explore the relationship between social participation and needs for rehabilitation of the disabled in Guangdong Province and to make a proposal for developing the rehabilitation strategies. Methods The data of the Second National Sample Survey of Disabled Persons in Guangdong Province was used in this study. Ranked data analysis was made with the sub-items of the social participation assessment and the main needs of the disabled individuals. Results Significantly statistical differences were revealed with regard to the constituent ratio of needs for rehabilitation services among people with different degrees of difficulties in social participation caused by hearing and visual impairments as well as physical and mental disabilities. No significant difference was found in terms of the constituent ratio of rehabilitation needs among those with difficulties in speech and those with psychiatric diseases. The major rehabilitation needs focused on medical service, assistive apparatus support and functional trainings. Conclusions The rehabilitation needs were different among different categories of disabled persons. Rehabilitation services should be provided accordingly.