中国核工业某厂职工死因分析

Mortality of a cohort of employees in a certain factory

目的 对核工业某厂职工死亡情况进行追踪分析.方法 采用动态队列研究对在该厂有1年以上工作史的职工进行调查,队列追踪资料来源于厂人事处,死亡资料由人事处、厂工会、职工医院共同提供,对职工总死亡情况及放射组与非放射组死亡情况进行了比较分析.结果 该厂职工死亡率明显低于我国普通居民,全死因标化死亡比（SMR）为0.41（95%CI：0.37～0.45）,恶性肿瘤SMR为0.59（95%CI：0.49～0.69）;放射组全死因SMR（0.24）及恶性肿瘤SMR（0.40）均低于非放射组（分别为0.75、0.92）,但恶性肿瘤顺位不同,放射组肝癌顺位居第一,而非放射组顺位与我国普通居民顺位一致,为肺癌.结论 该厂未见职工超额死亡,但放射组肝癌顺位超前.

Objective To follow up the cohort of a certain factory and analyze the death cause of the employees.Methods A dynamic cohort was adopted and the study population consisted of all workers stayed at the factory for more than 1 year. The cohort data was mainly from the personnel ministry in the factory ,the death data provided by the personnel ministry,the labour union and the hospital.All cause of death of the all employee and the death condition of radiation group and no-radiation group were analyzed and compared.Results The mortality of the workers in the factory was significantly lower than national population,the SMR of all cause of death in all employee .radiation group and no-radiation group were 0.41（95%C/：0.37~0.45）, 0.24, 0.75 respectively; all cancer death in the three group was 0.59 , 0.40 and 0.92. But the death order was different in radiation group and no-radiation group,the order of liver cancer was list first in radiation group, which was unlike that of the nation order and the no-radiation order. Conclusion There have no excess death in the factory, but the order of liver cancer is precedence.