高CO_2对冷藏富士苹果货架期品质的影响

Effects of elevated CO_2 concentration on quality during shelf life of refrigerated Fuji apples

以PE膜包装冷藏2个月的富士苹果为试材,研究4.4℃、20℃条件下果实10%CO2处理的胁迫生理变化,利用人体消化吸收模型来模拟机体的胃肠生理环境,对主要抗氧化成分多酚在人体消化吸收过程中的生物有效性进行初步评价。研究结果表明,20℃+10%CO2处理富士苹果14d,优于4.4℃+空气的保鲜效果,果实硬度大、SSC和TA含量高,失重率低,多酚类物质的总抗氧化能力较高。不同货架温度下,MDA含量均显著升高,苹果多酚可抑制丙二醛的生成,两者呈负相关。经体外消化后,多酚的生物利用度达到20%～25%,生物有效性较稳定。解剖分析、品尝对比后认为,货架期无明显CO2伤害。相同高CO2气调条件下,随着货架温度的升高,富士苹果对CO2伤害越不敏感。

The purpose of this work was to estimate the behavior of Fuji apples kept at 4.4 ℃ and 20 ℃ in 10% CO2 concentration during shelf-life.The test material was refrigerated in PE film for 2 months.Compared with the stress physiology,the quality and bioaccessibility of polyphenols in response to treatment with 10% CO2 was assessed using an in vitro digestion system that simulated the physiochemical changes occuring in the upper gastrointestinal tract.The results show that the performances under 20 ℃＋10% CO2 for 14 days,was better than 4.4 ℃ ＋ air treatment,the fruit had higher firmness,higher concentration of SSC and TA,lower rate of weightlessness;10% CO2 permits good quality retention at 20 ℃,and keeping higher total antioxidant capacity of main antioxidative component polyphenol.Under different temperatures,malondialdehyde（MDA） increased,there was no significant CO2 injury was detected.The results indicated a negative correlation that apple polyphenol inhibited the formation of MDA.Data shows that only 20% ～25% of the antioxidant in polyphenol is extractable by digestive fluid,and the bioaccessibility was best maintained.In the same condition of elevated CO2 concentration,as the temperature increases,Fuji apples were insensitive to CO2 injury.