检察机关参与民事公益诉讼的地位与程序设计

Role and Procedure of the Prosecution in the Civil Public Interest Litigation

将民事公益诉讼引入我国诉讼立法体系已为实务界与理论界所共识。但在如何构建民事公益诉讼制度问题上仍然存在很大争议。检察机关作为民事公益诉讼的发动者,是基于特定国家机关维护公益的法定职责,提起公益诉讼是检察机关的义务,是法律监督权在民事诉讼程序中的体现,但在诉讼中检察机关应随着诉讼程序的进行实现其法律监督者与程序原告人的转化、分离与融合,同时,基于其特殊的诉讼定位,公益诉讼程序应在诉前程序、审判程序等内容上进行具体的制度设计,以达到最终保护公益之目的。

There is common knowledge about the introduction of civil public litigation to our legal system in the practical and theoretic field.But too much controversy exists,especially how to establish the system of civil public litigation.Being the starter of civil public interest litigation,prosecution has the legal responsibility to manintain the public interests as apecial state organ.It has the obligation to bring a civil public action,which has the power to superise the role of legal supervisor and procedual plaintiff following the development of litigation proceduse.Meanwhile,the public interests litigation should be designed specifically before the trial and in the trial to reach to goal of protecting the public interests due to its special role in the procedure.