对塔里木河流域水资源管理体制机制的探讨

Discussion on the mechanism of water resources management system in Tarim river basin

塔里木河流域面积广袤,水系庞杂,水资源匮乏,水量时空分布不均,各业发展和人民生活用水的日益增加已使塔里木河有限的水资源不堪重负;另一方面,流域各地由于在水资源的利用上管理不善而造成惊人的浪费,生态需水量被无情地挤占。流域内水资源管理体制和机制不合理,用水矛盾突出,水事纠纷频发。通过对上述问题的解剖、分析和研究,提出塔里木河流域可持续水资源管理的途径是:区域管理必须服从流域管理;水资源管理必须实行水务一体化;变革体制、机制,全面推行水权管理。

Tarim river,with vast area and heterogeneous drainage,is short of water resources,and the water is uneven distributed in spatial and temporal.The industry development and the growing people＇s lives have made the Tarim River overwhelmed with its limited water resources.On the other hand,ecological water demand has been relentless misused with the amazing waste due to the poor management of water resources.Water resources management system and mechanism is unreasonable in this basin,with conspicuous water contradiction and frequent water disputes.Based on the analysis and studies of these problems,it advises in this paper the way to manage the water resources sustainably in Tarim river：regional management must be subject to water shed management;water resources management must implement integrated water affairs;system and mechanism reform;implementing water rights management fully.