古粟(Setaria italica Beauv.)研究综述

Summary of Research Works on Ancient Setaria italica Beauv.

粟于中国北方俗称"谷子",脱壳后称"小米",南方则通称"小米",在古代粮食作物中的地位举足轻重。近世学者对粟的史前考古发现、起源与传播、稷的粟黍之争、生产与文化等方面行了研究,并且已经取得了很多成果,但在某些方面的探索还非常不够,如史前人类生活中粟作的地位与演变;古粟的栽培、储藏、加工与利用技术;历史上粟的生产布局、价格与产量的变动;粟与古代经济、政治、文化的关系等。今后应加强在这些方面的投入,不断拓展粟研究的深度和广度。

Setaria italica Beauv. is named ＂gu - zi＂ in north of China, and ＂gu - zi＂ after shelling is called ＂xiao - mi＂ in north or south of China. Setaria italica Beauv. possessed prominent status among grain crops in ancient times. In modern times, many scholars have conducted research on Setaria italica Beauv. of ancient times from different aspects, including prehistoric archaeological discovery, origin and spread, and argument about name Setaria italica Beauv. or Panicum miliaceum. Although there has been great progress, the exploration in many aspects is insufficient, such as the status and evolution of Setaria italica Beauv. for prehistoric humanity＇s life, the technology of cultivating, preserving and processing of Setaria italica Beauv. , the change of production layout, price and output, the relation between Setaria italica Beauv. and ancient times＇ economy, politic and culture, and so on. We should strengthen the investment in these aspects, so as to develop unceasingly the depth and breadth of research on Setaria italica Beanv. of ancient times.