五种植物提取液的抗鱼病菌和抗鱼病毒效应(英文)

THE ANTBACTERIAL AND ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF HERBAL EXTRACTS FOR FISH PATHOGENS

本文旨在探索用廉价的野生植物防治鱼病。所用的植物有牛繁缕(Stellaria aqu-atica),双花凤仙(Impatiens biflora),夜来香(Oenothera biennis),艾草(Artem-isia vulgaris)和忍冬(Lonicera japonica)。用作试验的鱼病菌共13种(18个菌株),分属于气单孢菌属、假单孢菌属、爱德华氏菌属、耶尔森氏菌属、弧菌属。所用的鱼病毒为传染性胰脏坏死病毒IPNV,传染性造血组织坏死病毒IHNV。上述病原微生物均获自美国马里兰大学微生物系。实验结果表明,五种植物提取液均有不同程度的抗鱼病菌作用,其中以牛繁缕的抗菌谱最广,作用力最强。忍冬、艾草、牛繁缕有抗鱼病毒作用。其中以忍冬的效果最好,它能抑制IPNV和IHNV。而艾草和牛繁缕只能抑制IHNV。

The antimictobial activity of extracts from five herbs, Stellaria aquatica.Impatiens biflora,Oenothera biennis, Artemisia vulgaris, and Lonicera japonica were tested against 13bacterial and 2 viral fish pathogens. The results showed that all of the herbal extracts had some inhibitory action against most of the bacterial fish pathogens, with Aeromonas salmonicida and Edwardsiella ictaluri being the most sensitive organisms. The herb S. aquatica was the most effective both in terms of the number of pathogens inhibited and the degree of inhibition. L. japonica showed some inhibitory action against both IPN and IHN viruses, while exttacts of A. Vulgaris and 5. aquatica inhibited WN virus only.