某医学院学生营养知识及饮食习惯评价

Evaluation of nutritional knowledge and dietary custom of medical college students

目的了解大学生目前营养知识水平及饮食习惯。方法采用问卷调查方法对398名医学大学生进行营养知识、饮食习惯调查。结果大学生普遍缺乏营养知识,除了对蛋白质、脂肪和胆固醇来源食品回答正确率较高外,对其余营养素铁、钙、胡萝卜素、B族维生素来源食品了解甚少。多数学生饮食习惯不合理,处于中下等水平。存在的主要问题有饮食不规律,男生海藻类食品、水果和奶摄入量少,盐较重;女生普遍不考虑食物构成,不能合理选择食物,蛋、鱼、肉、奶等动物性食品摄入频率少、海藻类食品摄入少。多数同学对营养与疾病关系有比较清楚的认识。大部分同学无运动习惯。结论应加强大学生营养知识教育,提高大学生营养健康意识并养成良好饮食习惯。

Objective To understand the status of nutritional knowledge and dietary custom of medical college students. Methods A total of 398 medical college students were investigated with questionnaire for their nutritional knowledge and dietary custom. Results Except protein, fat and cholesterol, most of the students know precious little about the food source of iron, calcium, carotene and vitamin B group. Most of them had unreasonable dietary patterns. Most of the students could clearly realize the relationship between the nutrition and diseases. The existing problems were mainly as follows： the most male students had less marine algae, fruit and milk but more salt, and the most female students had less egg, fish, meat, milk and marine algae. Most of the students were lack of exercises. Conclusions Nutrition education should be implemented to correct the medical college students＇ unhealthy dietary habits.