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2007-2008年四川省狂犬病病例分析 被引量:4

Analysis of rabies cases in Sichuan province,2007-2008
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摘要 目的分析四川省狂犬病病例特征。方法收集四川省2007和2008年报告的480例狂犬病个案调查表,用Excel、EpiData软件进行数据处理和统计分析。结果男女性别比为1.78:1;农民占72.5%;伤人动物犬占97.3%,猫占2.7%,流浪动物伤人占49.4%,其中犬伤人病例中主动袭击占66.6%;共有54例病例有冲洗、消毒及注射疫苗,但依然发病。伤口未处理47.9%,自行处理32.7%,医疗机构处理19.4%,头面部暴露由医疗机构处理为48.1%;病例注射过疫苗的占16.25%,手臂和头面部暴露的注射疫苗率分别为66.7%和50.0%;16.3%的病例注射疫苗和免疫球蛋白后发病。结论四川省狂犬病病例仍以男性农民为主,伤口规范处理率低;注射疫苗后发病占一定比例。今后四川省狂犬病防治工作重点应为加强健康教育,提高规范伤口处理率,提高疫苗、免疫球蛋白注射率,控制流浪犬,同时对免疫失败者进行分析,探讨注射疫苗仍然发病的原因。 Objective To analyze the characteristics of rabies cases in Sichuan and take appropriate control measures to reduce the incidence of rabies.Methods The survey forms of 480 rabies cases in 2007 and 2008 were collected and analyzed by using Excel and Epidata software statistically.Results The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.78∶1;the cases among farmers accounted for 72.5%;Among 480 cases,97.3% were caused by dog bite,2.7% were caused by cat bite.Stray animal bite caused 49.4% of the cases and dog attack caused 66.6% of the cases by dog bite.Fifty four cases had the history of wound washing/disinfection and vaccination,The cases without wound treatment accounted for 47.9%;with self treatment accounted for 32.7%;with treatment in medical service accounted for 19.4%,and the cases receiving wound treatment in medical service after head/face exposure accounted for 48.1%;receiving vaccination accounted for 16.25%.The vaccination rates after arm exposure and head/face exposure were 66.7% and 50.0% respectively,and 16.3% of cases received vaccination and immune globulin injection.Conclusion Most rabies cases in Sichuan were male farmers.Many cases didn't receive standard wound treatment,and some cases had been vaccinated.It is necessary to strengthen the health education,increase the rate of standard wound treatment,increase vaccination and immune globulin injection rate and strengthen the management of stray dogs in the prevention and control of rabies.Meanwhile,the analysis on vaccination failure should be conducted to explore the reason of rabies onset after vaccination.
出处 《疾病监测》 CAS 2010年第2期145-147,共3页 Disease Surveillance
关键词 狂犬病 发病原因 分析 rabies cause analysis
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