《考工记》“戈体已倨已句二病”新探

戈体援与胡夹角之大小直接关系到戈、戟的使用功效,其变化是戈、戟形制演变的一个重要方面。《考工记》指出了援与胡夹角过大或过小对戈、戟功能的危害,并提出"倨句外博"的技术要求。本文运用力学分析的方法,对"戈体已倨已句二病"进行阐述,并对已有注释进行分析。《考工记》"戈体已倨已句"是指戈的两种功用对其形制的要求。也是对青铜戈、戟形制演变规律的技术总结。

The angle between blade and Hu （ 胡 ） of Ge （戈） is very important for its use. According to the book of Kaogongji, the efficacy of Ge （戈） and Ji （ 戟 ） small and the appropriate angle between blade and hu should would be decreased if the angle was too big or be greater than right -angle. By explaining the point of view of Kaogongji based on analytic mechanics and discussing the viewpoints of other scholars, we think that the viewpoint of Kaogongji implied that the shape of Ge （戈） embodied its two functions and the technical demands.