慢性病患者自我管理研究进展

Progress in the Self-management in Patients with Chronic Diseases

病人主动参与慢性病管理的最终目的是提高病人的自我效能(self-efficacy)并开展有效的自我管理。慢性病自我管理的实质为通过"医患合作,患者互助,自我管理"来提高患者对疾病的认识水平,改善患者心理状态,改变患者不良健康行为,促进患者功能恢复,减少医疗费用支出。该文从心理学、生态学、伦理学、卫生经济学等领域对患者自我管理在不同角度、不同层次的研究进行探索,深入了解患者自我管理的科学性和有效性,同时就目前研究中存在的问题进行探讨。

The ultimate goal of active participation in management of patients with chronic disease was to improve the patient＇s self-efficacy and to carry out effective self-management. The substance of self-management of chronic diseases was to improve the patient＇s level of awareness of disease and improve the psychological state of them, to change their adverse health behaviors, and promote functional recovery of patients and reduce health care costs through ＂cooperation with patients and doctors, patients＂ mutual aids, and self-management＂. Summary in this paper is focused on the different perspectives and different levels of studies on self-management of chronic diseases at home and abroad, including fields of psychology, ecology, ethics, health economics, etc., and to know its scientific nature and effectiveness, while to discuss the problems currently existed in these studies.