典型民族拉弦乐器的音色分析——试论京剧伴奏乐器的改进

THE ANALYSIS OF TYPICAL\=CHINESE BOWED STRING INSTRUMENTS\= DISCUSSION OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF \=ACCOMPANYING MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS \=FOR BEIJING OPERA

有关乐器声学的问题，特别是对西洋的古今管弦乐器，国外已有较多的研究．而针对中国民族乐器的声学研究，从８０年代才开始逐渐起步．目前国内的此类研究偏重于物理实验和振动声学模型的建立，尚未能将声学和音乐有机地结合起来．本文借鉴国内外研究音乐声学的经验，采用长时间平均谱（ＬＴＡＳ）的分析方法，将几种典型民族拉弦乐器的频谱作一客观对比，并与各自的主观评价相比较，试图对京剧的伴奏乐器提出某些改进意见．

The questions about musical instrument acoustics, especially about typical ancient and modern orchestral instruments, have been studied since long before and many progresses have been made abroad. However, more researches on Chinese national musical instruments started only since 1980s. In the present paper, by playing music and recording it, the s obtained the Longtime Average Spectrum (LTAS). The spectrum feathers of Jinghu, Jing erhu and Erhu have been analyzed objectively, and been compared with their subjective evaluation respectively. By doing so, the s propose some advice on improving accompanying musical instruments for Beijing Opera.