对外贸易对人力资本提升的实证研究——基于我国省级面板数据

Empirical Study on Influence of Foreign Trade over Human Capital:Based on Provincial Data in China

本文利用1999～2008年间的省级面板数据,在对各变量进行单位根检验、协整检验的基础上,运用sys-GMM估计对东部、中部以及西部地区的对外贸易对人力资本的影响进行实证研究。经研究得出以下结论:一是东部地区的对外贸易有利于人力资本提升,主要是由于对外贸易额增加使高等教育程度的人力资本增长,同时抑制了只受过基础教育的人力资本,且东部地区通过进口贸易引进了大量的资本技术型产品和设备,给东部地区带来了更多的技术模仿与学习机会;二是中部和西部地区的对外贸易对人力资本提升的正相关关系不显著,主要是由于中部和西部地区的对外贸易额小,对各层次人力资本影响均不显著。

By making use of Chinese provincial dynamic panel data from 1999 -2008 and conducting unit root test and cointegration test to various variables, this paper uses GMM to empirical study on influence of foreign trade over human capital of the eastern area, drawing the central area as well as the western area, the following conclusions ： First, the foreign trade of the eastern area is advantageous in the human capital promotion because increases in foreign trade make the human capital with higher education degrees grow, and simu haneously suppress human capital only with elementary education Through import trading, the massive capital technological products and the equipment have been introduced to the eastem area, bringing to this area more technical immitations and learning opportunities. Second, the human capital promotion is not in proportion to foreign trade in the eastern and western areas because the inflow of foreign trade in the central area and western area is smallest, and the influence on rarious levels of human capital is not remarkable.