超临界CO_2萃取与石油醚提取蒲公英的比较分析

Comparative research on samples of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.Mazz.extracted by supercrtical CO_2 fluid extraction and petroleum ether

目的:比较2种不同方法提取中药材蒲公英的挥发油化学成分。方法:采用超临界CO_2萃取法和石油醚提取法提取蒲公英,并用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其化学成分进行了分析。结果:从超临界CO_2萃取出的蒲公英样品中分离鉴定出26种化学成分,占总质量的77.66%;从石油醚提取的蒲公英样品中共鉴定出27种化合物,占总质量的87.23%;超临界CO_2萃取法提取的蒲公英样品中酸类物质最多,占总质量的36.4%;而石油醚提取的样品中,除去含量最多的9,12,15-十八碳三烯醛外,则是以酯类物质最多,占总质量的27.68%。结论:2种方法提取的蒲公英样品化学成分各有侧重,与石油醚提取相比,超临界CO_2萃取具有提取温度低、溶剂残留少等优点,并可用于提取蒲公英中挥发性和半挥发性酸类成分。

Objective：To compare chemical components of essential oil of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.Mazz.extracted by two extraction methods.Methods：Samples were extracted from of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.Mazz. By supercritical CO2 fluid（SFE -CO2） and petroleum ether（PE）.The chemical components of the samples were analyzed by GC - MS.Results：Altogether 26 chemical components were identified from the samples extracted by SFE - CO2,amounting to 77.66%of the total area of the peaks.While in the sample extracted by PE,altogether 27 components were identified,amounting to 87.23%of the total area of the peaks.The acid was the primarily kind of components in the samples extracted by SFE - CO2,amounting to 36.4%,The ester was the main kind of components in the samples extracted by PE,amounting to 27.68%,except 9,12,15 -Octadecatrienal.Conclusions：The main components extracted by these two methods were different,compared with PE extraction method,SFE - CO2 method was low extraction temperature,low solvent residual.And SFE - CO2 method can be used to extract the volatile acids and semi - volatile acids of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.Mazz.