中药肠吸收动力学的研究进展

Advances in studies on intestinal absorption kinetics of Chinese materia medica

肠吸收动力学是决定口服药物生物利用度的重要因素之一,在中药口服制剂的开发及评价方面有着重要作用。评价药物肠吸收动力学的方法大致可分为3类:①体外试验法;②在体试验法;③体内试验法。目前中药肠吸收研究常用的实验方法为大鼠原位肠灌注模型、Caco-2细胞模型和血药浓度法;研究热点主要集中在黄酮类、皂苷类及生物碱等单一活性成分,而中药整体或复方的研究甚少。现介绍中药肠吸收动力学的主要研究方法,以及中药肠吸收研究现状,并对存在问题及其原因进行了讨论。

Intestinal absorption kinetics is one of the critical influencing factors of the bioavailability of oral drugs and plays an important role in exploration and evaluation of oral preparation of Chinese materia medica （CMM）. In principle, the methods of evaluating the intestinal absorption kinetics can be divided into three types. And now the common research methods in intestinal absorption of CMM are in situ perfusion model of rat, Caco-2 cells model, and drug plasma concentration test. Study hotspot primarily focus on single active ingredients, for example flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and so on. However, studies on CMM as whole or compound medicines are rarely. The main methods and the research situation of intestinal absorption kinetics in CMM are reviewed, meanwhile some problems existed, reasons, and suggestions are discussed in this paper.