唐山市区部分乘用车车厢内苯系物污染状况调查

Benzene Series Compounds Pollution inside Passenger Cars in Tangshan

目的了解唐山市部分乘用车车厢内苯系物污染状况,为其防治政策的制定提供依据。方法 2009年3—5月选择不同使用时间的122辆乘用车,分别测定车厢内空气中苯、甲苯、二甲苯的浓度,同时通过问卷调查获得车型、车龄等基本情况。结果车内苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度的超标率分别为14.8%(18/122),26.2%(32/122),20.5%(25/122),苯系物的浓度均符合标准的车辆有81辆,占66.4%(81/122)。使用时间在6个月之内的车辆空气中苯、甲苯、二甲苯的浓度中位数依次为0.086、0.900、0.400mg/m3,超标率依次为28.6%(10/35),57.1%(20/35),60.0%(21/35),以后随车龄增加逐渐降低。放置吸附剂的乘用车车厢内的空气苯浓度低于无吸附剂的乘用车(P<0.05),高档次乘用车车厢内空气甲苯浓度较高(P<0.01),座椅材质为皮质的乘用车车厢内空气二甲苯浓度较高(P<0.05)。结论唐山市乘用车车厢内仍存在苯系物污染,车辆使用时间、车内吸附剂、档次及座椅材质对车内苯系物浓度有影响。

Objective To understand the situation of benzene series compounds pollution inside some Passenger cars in Tangshan and provide data for the formulation of corresponding countermeasures for the prevention and control of the pollution. Methods One hundred and twenty-two cars used for different periods of time were selected from March, 2009 to May, 2009 and the concentrations of benzene, toluene and xylene were determined.At the same time the basic situation （car type, date of manufacture） was investigated with questionnaire. Results The disqualified rate of benzene, toluene, xylene were 14.8%（18/122）, 26.2%（32/122） and 20.5%（25/122） respectively. Eighty-one cars did not meet the standard, accounting for 66.4 %（81/122）. The median of benzene, toluene, xylene in the ears used within six months were 0.086, 0.900, 0.400 mg/m3 respectively. The exceeded rate of benzene, toluene, xylene inside the cars which were used for not more than six months were 28.6%（10/35）, 57.1%（20/35）, 60.0%（21/35） respectively. The concentrations of benzene series compounds decreased gradually later on. The concentrations of benzene inside the cars with adsorbent were lower, the concentrations of toluene inside the highgrade cars were higher and the concentrations of xylene inside the cars with leather seats was higher. Conclusion Benzene, toluene, xylene pollution inside cars has been showed in this investigation in Tangshan. The concentrations of benzene series compounds are associated with using time, adsorbent, car grade and the seat material.