海水浸泡开放性犬颅脑爆震伤影像学模型的建立

Establishment of the imaging model of the dog's open craniocerebral explosive injury immersed in seawater

目的:建立海水浸泡开放性犬颅脑爆震伤影像学模型。方法:本实验采用新型球形爆炸源。狗颅中线向左(右)1cm,眶上缘向上1cm交界处为爆炸中心位置。爆炸距离(爆炸源最低点距爆炸点的距离)分别为3mm,3.5mm,4mm。比较各个距离的爆炸效果,选出最适的爆炸距离。在动物最适爆炸距离致伤后用吊瓶装满海水(秋季福建沿海距岸边200米深部海水),用皮管固定于伤口空洞中,使受伤脑组织始终浸泡于海水环境中。分别于3h,5h,8h行颅脑CT检查。观察海水浸泡开放性颅脑爆震伤的CT动态变化。结果:爆炸距离3.5mm为最适爆炸距离,此距离爆炸致伤后犬存活率高,能够炸开颅骨,使脑组织暴露,海水浸泡爆震伤口8小时,脑水肿逐渐出现。结论:本实验所建立的动物模型可模拟真实海战下冲击波致伤,且重复性和稳定性好,易操作,适用于海战情况下颅脑爆震伤的实验研究。

Objective： To establish the imaging model of the dog＇s open craniocerebral explosive injury immersed in seawater. Methods： We used a new type of explosive ball in this experiment. The explosive site is the junction between the midline of dogs＇ head left （right） to 1cm and supraorbital margin up to 1cm. The explosive distance （The minimum distance from the lowest point of the explosion ball to the explosion site） is 3mm,3.5mm,4mm. We compared explosive results of three groups, and selected the most appropriate explosive distance. After explosive injury in the most appropriate explosive distance, we soaked dogs＇ head of this group in seawater environment, and observed the dynamic CT changes of this group＇s dogs injured in 3h, 5h, and 8h. Results： the most appropriate explosive distance is 3.5mm. The survival rate is high in this explosive distance. The skull can be blast into break; and the brain tissue can be exposed. The cerebral edema appeared since the seawater is used to immerse the wound for 8h. Conclusion： The animal model established in this experiment can simulate the real sea battle injuries under the shock wave. This model has good repeatability and stability, and is easy to use. It applies to the research in open craniocerebral explosive injury as a result of sea battle.