低体重儿277例眼底筛查结果分析

Analysis of Eyeground Screening in 277 low birth weight infants

目的探讨早产儿视网膜病(ROP)及其他常见眼科疾病的发病情况。方法眼科医师使用间接眼底镜对出生体重小于2000g的277例低体重儿进行眼底筛查,并把277例低体重儿按体重分为两组(小于1500g体重组和1500-1999g体重组),分析ROP、玻璃体混浊及视网膜出血的发病情况。结果277例小于2000g的低体重儿眼底筛查中,发现ROP19例(6.9%),其中Ⅰ期8例,Ⅱ期7例,阈值病变4例;发现视网膜出血35例(12.6%),其中3例周边视网膜出血随访证实为早产儿视网膜病变Ⅲ期;发现玻璃体混浊85例(30.7%)。体重<1500g组发生ROP、玻璃体混浊的几率明显高于1500-1999g组。视网膜出血发生率在不同体重比较无显著性差异,窒息患儿视网膜出血发生率30.51%与无窒息患儿发生率7.80%比较有显著性差异。结论玻璃体混浊成为低体重儿眼底筛查中最常见的问题;体重对ROP、玻璃体混浊的发生有显著影响;窒息与视网膜出血的发生相关;在窒息和低体重儿中开展眼底筛查对提高视力水平极为重要。

Objective：To explore the morbidity of retinopathy of prematurity（ROP） and other eye diseases.Methods：Eyeground screening were carried out in 277 low birth weight infants（birth weight2000g） with indirect-funduscope by oculist,The 277 low birth weight infants were divided into two groups in weight（1500g weight group and 1500-1999g weight group）.The incidence of ROP,opacitas corporis vitrei（OCV） and retinal hemorrhage （RH） were compared between two groups.Results：19 cases of ROP（6.9% ,8 cases of stageⅠ,7 case of stageⅡ and 4 case of threshold stage）,35 cases of RH（12.6%,and 3 of them had ROP） and 85 cases of OCV（30.7%） were discovered.The incidence of ROP and OCV in 1500g weight group was markedly more than that of 1999-1500g weight group.The incidence of RH was similar in two groups,and with Asphyxia was markedly more than that of without asphyxia.Conclusions：OCV is the most common disorder.The incidence of ROP and OCV has marked infection in weight.The incidence of RH is correlation with Asphyxia.It is very important to develop Eyeground screening in asphyxia and low birth weight infants.