崇文向学与尚武好斗——明清历修《赣州府志》对赣南民风的表达

Studiousness and Bellicosity:Statements of South Jiangxi's Folkways in Gan Zhou Fu Zhi of Ming and Qing Dynasties

民风是各类地方志都会涉及到的普遍话题。在明清历修《赣州府志》中,崇文向学与尚武好斗是两幅主要的民风图景,这两幅图景既是地方志作者对赣南民风已然世界的白描,也是对赣南民风应然世界的期待。地方志对民风描写及诠释的微妙变化,既映射出地方社会治乱环境的变迁,更标示着国家与地方、地方与地方、精英与民众以及土著与移民之间的诸多权力关系和利益诉求,具有多元话语的特征。正是这一特征,规限着地方志在对地方民风做某种程度客观呈现的同时,又要做符合特定利益关系的建构。

Folkway is a general topic in all kinds of local chronicles. In Gan Zhou Fu Zhi of Ming and Qing Dynasties,studiousness(Chong wen xiang xue) and bellicosity(Shang wu hao dou) were two main folkways which responded the author's realization about the practical folkway of South Jiangxi,also reflected the prejudice and expectation at that time. The subtle change of depiction and annotation not only reflected the change of social situation,but also indicated the complicated interest relations between the central government and the local society,relations among local societies; the elitist and the mass,native people and emigrants. The local chronicles were multivariate discourse,which decided that the local chronicle will not only present local societies' facts,but also to some degree imagine some folkway statements.