北黄海春季海面太阳辐射船基观测与分析

Shipboard-Observation and Analysis of Sea-Surface Solar Radiation in North Yellow Sea in Spring

利用"中国近海海洋综合调查与评价"2007年北黄海春季航次的资料,综合分析了短波、长波辐射及海面短波、长波反射辐射特征及与云量、气温、水汽压、海面红外温度等的对应关系。结果显示海面太阳入射辐射远大于海面反射辐射,二者相差约1个量级;海面长波辐射总体上大于大气逆辐射,二者相差约40 W/m2,平均净辐射为153.1 W/m2。观测期间大气透射率约为0.45,并据此分析探讨了云对太阳辐射传输的影响,建立了考虑总云量、低云量及水汽压等因素的海面太阳短波辐射经验估算公式,计算结果与实测结果具有较好一致性,均方根误差为11.3 W/m2。最后讨论了太阳辐射船基观测由于船体晃动可能造成的误差影响。

An extensive ship-board campaign was launched from April 23 to May 5,2007 in North Yellow Sea.The solar radiation and a variety of meteorology parameters were measured during the whole campaign period.In this paper,downward shortwave radiation（DSR）,upward shortwave radiation（USR）,downward longwave radiation（DLR） and upward longwave radiation（ULR） are examined.The DSR value was one order of magnitude higher than USR while the UlR value was 40 W/m2higher than DLR one.The mean net radiation was 153.1 W/m2,and the atmospheric transmittance was 0.45 during the cruise.The solar radiation was correlated to cloud coverage,vapor press and so on.An empirical for-mula,including parameters such as cloud coverage（total and low-cloud） and vapor pressure,was thereby derived to estimate incident solar radiation.The modeled value and the observation agree well and the root mean square error was 11.3 W/m2.In addition,the relative error of the observational value induced by rocking of ship-hull platform was discussed.